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1 ἐπουράνιος
ἐπουράνιος, ον (s. οὐρανός; Hom. et al.; Kaibel 261, 10; LXX; pseudepigr.; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 168; Tat., Ath.; Mel.. P. 39, 272) gener. ‘heavenly’① pert. to being in the sky or heavens as an astronomical phenomenon, celestial, heavenly σώματα ἐ. (opp. ἐπίγεια) celestial bodies 1 Cor 15:40 (acc. to vs. 41 the sun, moon, and stars are thought of, and are represented fig., as living beings clothed in light; s. Wendland, Kultur 158).② pert. to being associated with a locale for transcendent things and beings, heavenly, in heavenⓐ as adj.α. of God (Od. 17, 484; Il. 6, 131; Sb 4166 Ζεὺς ἐπουράνιος [s. also IK IX–X/2: Nikaia II/1, 1114 and 1115]; Herm. Wr. 434, 9 Sc.; 3 Macc 6:28; 7:6; TestAbr, A 2 p. 78, 23 [Stone p. 4]; GrBar 11:9; SibOr 4, 51; 135; Theosophien 56, 39 p. 182 Erbse [=p. 148, 48 Holladay]) πατὴρ ἐ. Mt 18:35 v.l.; δεσπότης ἐ. 1 Cl 61:2.β. of Christ ἐ. (ἄνθρωπος) 1 Cor 15:48f; ἐ. ἀρχιερεὺς Ἰ. Χ. MPol 14:3.γ. οἱ ἐ. (ἄνθρωποι) 1 Cor 15:48. Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἐ. Hb 12:22 (TestSol C prol. 2 Σιών; for the idea s. πόλις 2); βασιλεία ἐ. 2 Ti 4:18; Epil Mosq 5 (Ath. 18, 1); MPol 20:2 v.l.; (πατρὶς) ἐ. Hb 11:16.—ζωὴ ἐ. 2 Cl 20:5 (cp. Ath. 31, 3 βίον). κλῆσις ἐ. Hb 3:1. δωρεὰ ἐ. 6:4.ⓑ as subst., of things or entitiesα. neut. pl. τὰ ἐπουράνια (of things in heaven: Pla., Ap. 19b; Sext. Emp., Astrol. 44; ApcSed 7:2).א. as periphrasis for heaven καθίσας ἐν τοῖς ἐ. sitting in heav- en Eph 1:20; cp. 2:6. ἐξουσίαι ἐν τοῖς ἐ. the powers in heaven of angelic beings 3:10. Since there is more than one heaven (cp. 2 Cor 12:2), τὰ ἐ. can be the dwelling place of evil spirits 6:12. Even 1:3 ὁ εὐλογήσας ἐν τοῖς ἐ. is, acc. to the usage of Eph, to be understood locally in heaven (s. RPope, ET 23, 1912, 365–68).—ALincoln, NTS 19, ’73, 467–83.ב. the heavenly things (Philo, Gig. 62; TestJob 36:3; 38:5) J 3:12 (ἐπίγειος 2a).—Hb 8:5; 9:23; heavenly goods αἰτεῖν τὰ ἐ. Agr 10; τὰ ἐ. γράψαι write about heavenly things ITr 5:1. νοεῖν τὰ ἐ. understand the heavenly things 5:2. τὰ πάντα divided into ἐ. and ἐπίγεια Pol 2:1; heavenly entities ISm 6:1 (cp. TestAbr A 4 p. 81, 15 [Stone p. 10] τὰ ἐ. πνεύματα).β. masc. pl. οἱ ἐπουράνιοι (as a designation of the gods Theocr. 25, 5; Moschus 2, 21; Lucian, Dial. Deor. 4, 3; TestSol 6:10 [hostile spirits]) heavenly beings Phil 2:10 (s. on ἐπίγειος 1bβ); ITr 9:1.—IEph 13:2.—DELG s.v. οὐρανός. New Docs 4, 149. EDNT. M-M. TW. -
2 μήτηρ
μήτηρ, τρός, ἡ (‘mother’ Hom.+)① female parent, mother Mt 1:18; 13:55; 14:8, 11; 20:20; Mk 6:24, 28 and oft.; ApcPt Ox 849, 7. W. her child (cp. EpArist 27) Mt 2:11, 13f, 20f. W. the father 10:37; 15:4a (Ex 20:12). Cp. vs. 4b (Hes., Works 331–34 also knows that one who abuses or speaks harshly to an aged father is punished by Zeus); 19:5 (Gen 2:24), 19 (Ex 20:12), 29; Mk 5:40 al. W. brothers Mt 12:46; Mk 3:31–33. W. a grandmother 2 Ti 1:5 (s. μάμμη).—GHb 20, 61 has the extraordinary notion that the Holy Spirit (רוּחָא דְּקֻדְּשָׁא, fem. gender) was the mother of Christ; s. πνεῦμα 5cα, end.② an entity that bears the relation of a mother, mother a transference of mng. 1ⓐ of pers. respected or loved as a mother (Diod S 17, 37, 6 ὦ μῆτερ addressed to an aged lady who is well thought of; POxy 1296, 8; 15; 1678; PGiss 78, 1) Mt 12:49f; Mk 3:34f; J 19:27 (Duris [III B.C.]: 76 Fgm. 63 Jac.: Polycrates introduces the mothers of those slain in battle to rich citizens w. the words μητέρα σοι ταύτην δίδωμι; Lucian, Tox. 22); Ro 16:13.ⓑ of impers. entitiesα. of cities (like אֵם) in relation to their citizens; so archetypically of the heavenly Jerusalem, i.e. the Messianic community in relation to its members Gal 4:26; cp. vs. 22.—JPlumpe, Mater Ecclesia: An Inquiry into the Concept of Church as Mother in Early Christianity, ’43.β. of a state or quality viewed as point of origin or source (Theognis 1, 385; Hippocr. in Synes., Ep. 115 p. 255b τ. ἐνδείαν ὑγιείας μητέρα; X., Oec. 5, 17 τ. γεωργίαν τ. ἄλλων τεχνῶν μητέρα εἶναι; Tob 4:13; JosAs 15:7 [of μετάνοια]; Ps.-Phoc. 42 μ. κακότητος; Philo; TestSim 5:3) of faith, as the source of Christian virtues (Hierocles 11, 442 ἡ εὐσέβεια μήτηρ τῶν ἀρετῶν) Hv 3, 8, 5; cp. 7. Babylon ἡ μήτηρ τ. πορνῶν κτλ. Rv 17:5.—B. 103. DELG. M-M. TW.
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